A Common Viral Skin Infection
Molluscum contagiosum causes small, painless bumps that can appear anywhere on the body. In adults, genital molluscum is usually sexually transmitted. While harmless, treatment can speed clearance and reduce spread.
Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by a poxvirus. It produces small, firm, dome-shaped bumps with a characteristic central dimple. While common in children (spread through general skin contact), in adults it's often sexually transmitted when affecting the genital area. The infection is benign and self-limiting but can persist for months to years without treatment.
Molluscum is usually diagnosed by visual examination - the appearance is distinctive. A dermatoscope may help confirm the diagnosis. In uncertain cases, a sample can be taken for laboratory analysis. We can distinguish molluscum from genital warts, which may appear similar. If you have genital bumps, professional assessment ensures correct diagnosis.
Options include cryotherapy (freezing), curettage (scraping), topical treatments (podophyllotoxin, imiquimod), or watchful waiting as lesions eventually resolve spontaneously in 6-18 months. Treatment is recommended for genital lesions to reduce transmission and for cosmetic reasons. Multiple sessions may be needed. Avoid picking or scratching lesions.
In adults, when molluscum affects the genital area, it's typically sexually transmitted and is therefore considered an STI. However, the same virus can spread through non-sexual contact in other body areas. Children commonly get molluscum through general play and contact.
Without treatment, molluscum typically resolves within 6-18 months as your immune system clears the virus. Some cases can persist for 2-4 years. Treatment can speed resolution and is recommended for genital lesions to reduce transmission. New lesions may appear during the infection period.
For genital molluscum, we recommend treatment to reduce transmission risk and duration. Treatment also prevents spread to other body areas. For non-genital molluscum in healthy adults, watchful waiting is reasonable if lesions aren't bothersome. Discuss options with us.
While lesions are present, you can transmit the infection. Using condoms reduces but doesn't eliminate risk as lesions may be in areas not covered. Ideally, wait until lesions have cleared or cover them. Inform partners so they can make informed decisions and watch for symptoms.
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