The Most Common Curable STI Worldwide
Trichomoniasis affects millions globally but is often overlooked. It's easily treated with antibiotics but frequently goes undiagnosed. Testing is the only way to know for sure.
Trichomoniasis (often called 'trich') is caused by a microscopic parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. It's the most common curable STI worldwide, yet often goes undiagnosed because many people have no symptoms. Women are more commonly symptomatic than men. Without treatment, trichomoniasis can increase the risk of other STIs including HIV and cause complications during pregnancy.
Trichomoniasis is diagnosed through laboratory testing. In women, a vaginal swab is taken; in men, a urine sample is tested. NAAT/PCR testing is most sensitive. The parasite can also sometimes be seen under microscopy (wet prep). Because symptoms overlap with other conditions like bacterial vaginosis, accurate diagnosis is important for appropriate treatment.
Trichomoniasis is easily cured with antibiotics - either a single high dose or a week-long course of metronidazole or tinidazole. Avoid alcohol during treatment and for 48-72 hours after (causes severe nausea). ALL sexual partners must be treated simultaneously to prevent reinfection. Avoid sex until treatment is complete and symptoms resolved.
Trichomoniasis rarely clears without treatment and can persist for months or years. Even if symptoms improve or disappear, you may still be infected and able to transmit it. Treatment is simple and highly effective - there's no reason to leave it untreated.
The most common reason is reinfection from an untreated partner. Both/all partners must be treated at the same time. Less commonly, treatment failure can occur, requiring a higher dose or longer course. Ensure you complete treatment and avoid sex until your partner(s) have also completed theirs.
Yes, though it's less commonly diagnosed in men because most male infections are asymptomatic and the infection often clears spontaneously in men. However, during this time men can transmit it to partners. Male partners of women with trichomoniasis should be treated regardless of symptoms or test results.
While not immediately dangerous, untreated trichomoniasis increases your risk of acquiring HIV, can cause pregnancy complications, and continues to spread to partners. It's also uncomfortable when symptomatic. The good news: a simple antibiotic course cures it completely.
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