Understanding the Current Outbreak
Mpox can cause a painful rash and flu-like symptoms. Since 2022, transmission has occurred primarily through close contact, including sexual contact. Vaccination is available for those at higher risk.
Mpox (formerly monkeypox) is a viral infection causing a distinctive rash that progresses through stages before healing. The 2022 global outbreak involved a different transmission pattern than historically seen in Africa, spreading primarily through close physical contact including sexual contact, particularly among men who have sex with men. Most cases are mild and self-limiting, but the rash can be painful and leave scars.
Mpox is diagnosed by PCR testing of lesion swabs - samples are taken from the rash itself. If you have a new rash with mpox-like features, contact us for assessment. Clinical evaluation is important as mpox can resemble other conditions. Testing should be done early in the illness when virus is most detectable.
Most mpox cases are managed with supportive care: pain relief, keeping lesions clean and dry, and rest. Severe cases or those at high risk of complications may receive antiviral medication (tecovirimat). Proctitis may require specific management. Isolate until all lesions have healed and scabs have fallen off. This typically takes 2-4 weeks.
In the UK, vaccination is offered to gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men at higher risk - typically those with multiple partners. Healthcare workers at high risk are also eligible. If you think you'd benefit from vaccination, discuss with us. Post-exposure vaccination can help if given within 4 days of exposure.
Mpox rash has distinctive stages and usually involves swollen lymph nodes. Unlike chickenpox, lesions are typically in the same stage. Unlike herpes, mpox causes deeper, more widespread lesions. Professional assessment is needed as several conditions can cause genital rashes. We can test to confirm the diagnosis.
You're infectious from when symptoms start until all lesions have completely healed and fresh skin has formed - typically 2-4 weeks. You should isolate during this time. Even with mild symptoms, you can transmit the virus. Scabs contain virus so avoid contact until they've fallen off naturally.
Reinfection appears uncommon as infection provides some immunity. However, the degree and duration of protection is still being studied. Even after recovery, vaccination may be recommended depending on your risk factors. Continue preventive measures during outbreaks.
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